Behavioral neuroscience applies the principles of biology to the study of physiological, genetic, and developmental mechanisms of behavior in humans and other animals. As a subfield of neuroscience, it has contributed important therapeutic data on a variety of conditions, including Parkinson’s Disease, Huntington’s Disease, Alzheimer’s Disease, autism, alcoholism and substance abuse, depression, schizophrenia, and anxiety. Much of the literature in behavioral neuroscience examines mental processes and behaviors that are shared across various animal models, such as motivated behavior (hunger, thirst, sex), sensation and perception, physical control, learning and memory, biological rhythms (including sleep), and emotion. Behavioral neuroscientists also contribute to other topic areas of psychology, philosophy, and linguistics, including language, consciousness, and reasoning and decision-making.