Molecular and cellular neuroscientists investigate the influence of genes, molecular signals, and cellular morphology in the effort to gain crucial information about the nervous system and the development and function of the human brain. Practitioners of this rapidly growing sub-field of neuroscience explore the root causes of many pathological conditions, developing applications based on what they learn about neuronal circuits. They visualize neurons, analyze the genetic contributions to neuronal function, and conduct experiments regarding gene expression. Techniques include electrophysiology, calcium and voltage imaging in neuronal arrays, and mass spectrometry among others.